Technical analysis of use and maintenance of engineering machinery supercharger
Exhaust gas turbochargers of different brands are widely used in various large and medium-sized diesel trucks,https://www.fcfuda.com/ flatbed trucks, dump trucks and various construction machinery. For example, the Shangchai 6135 diesel engine of the ZL-50 loader is equipped with GJ110 and J112 superchargers; the D6114 diesel engine of the PY-180 grader is equipped with a HIE supercharger; the Jiefang Engineering Wang dump truck is equipped with a WHIC supercharger; Steyr heavy-duty The car is equipped with Garrett superchargers and so on. They enable diesel engines to significantly increase power and torque under the condition of the same structural size, while reducing fuel consumption and exhaust pollution, especially in plateau areas. In the working process, the speed of the supercharger is as high as tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, and it runs under high exhaust temperature for a long time, so its working conditions are bad. In the use of the above-mentioned vehicles, the power drop and the increase in fuel consumption caused by the improper use of the turbocharger have occurred to varying degrees, which in turn led to a significant drop in operating efficiency and economic benefits. Based on the research on various failures of diesel exhaust turbochargers in engineering practice throughout the year, the author makes the following discussion on the causes of common failures and preventive measures.
1 Correct use of diesel engine
The first is the quality level of diesel oil. For low-supercharged diesel engines, diesel oil of no lower than CC grade should be used; for medium-supercharged diesel engines, diesel oil of no lower than CD grade should be used. The second is the viscosity grade of diesel engine oil. The appropriate viscosity grade should be selected according to the temperature conditions and the wear condition of the parts. The third is the cleanliness of diesel oil, because the rotor shaft of the exhaust turbocharger and its bearing (sleeve) are more precise. If the diesel oil is too dirty or deteriorated, impurities or abrasive particles will be brought into the turbocharger. It will accelerate the bearing wear, and if the lubricant film is not formed, the rotor shaft and the bearing will seize. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the oil clean, clean the oil filter frequently, and replace the damaged oil in time.
2 The correct way to start a cold car
After the vehicle is started, the diesel engine should be idle for a few minutes (depending on the engine temperature and the outside atmospheric temperature), the standby oil reaches a certain temperature and pressure, the flow performance is improved, and the turbocharger bearing is fully lubricated, the speed can be increased and the start Driving or putting into construction work, this is especially important when the outside temperature is low. For vehicles that have been parked for a long time (such as more than a few days), the turbocharger oil inlet pipe joint should be loosened before starting, and an appropriate amount of oil of the same brand as the oil pan should be added to the oil inlet to prevent poor lubrication during starting. The rotor shaft is ablated. Some users have experienced similar situations on the Jiefang Engineering Wang dump truck and on the Komatsu grader in Japan, and should be avoided as much as possible.
3 Correct flameout method
If a diesel engine is running at high speed, if it suddenly turns off, the oil in the exhaust turbocharger will immediately stop circulating because the oil pump stops, but the rotor shaft of the turbocharger is still rotating at high speed under the action of inertia, which is easy to cause. The oil was cut off and its bearings burned to death. In addition, the exhaust manifold temperature of a diesel engine running under load is very high. If it stops suddenly, the heat will be transferred to the supercharger shell, and the engine oil that has stopped flowing will be tortured into coke. When the carbon deposit accumulates more and more, it will block the oil inlet and cause the bearing to be short of oil. Even if the oil inlet is not blocked, the carbon deposit will accelerate the wear of the bearing. For this reason, before stalling, the diesel engine must be gradually reduced in load, idling for an appropriate period of time, and then stalled after the turbocharger rotor shaft speed decreases and the oil temperature drops. After the flame is turned off, the turbocharger rotor shaft will continue to idle for a certain period of time, and a slight "humming" sound can sometimes be heard.
Exhaust gas turbochargers of different brands are widely used in various large and medium-sized diesel trucks,https://www.fcfuda.com/ flatbed trucks, dump trucks and various construction machinery. For example, the Shangchai 6135 diesel engine of the ZL-50 loader is equipped with GJ110 and J112 superchargers; the D6114 diesel engine of the PY-180 grader is equipped with a HIE supercharger; the Jiefang Engineering Wang dump truck is equipped with a WHIC supercharger; Steyr heavy-duty The car is equipped with Garrett superchargers and so on. They enable diesel engines to significantly increase power and torque under the condition of the same structural size, while reducing fuel consumption and exhaust pollution, especially in plateau areas. In the working process, the speed of the supercharger is as high as tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, and it runs under high exhaust temperature for a long time, so its working conditions are bad. In the use of the above-mentioned vehicles, the power drop and the increase in fuel consumption caused by the improper use of the turbocharger have occurred to varying degrees, which in turn led to a significant drop in operating efficiency and economic benefits. Based on the research on various failures of diesel exhaust turbochargers in engineering practice throughout the year, the author makes the following discussion on the causes of common failures and preventive measures.
1 Correct use of diesel engine
The first is the quality level of diesel oil. For low-supercharged diesel engines, diesel oil of no lower than CC grade should be used; for medium-supercharged diesel engines, diesel oil of no lower than CD grade should be used. The second is the viscosity grade of diesel engine oil. The appropriate viscosity grade should be selected according to the temperature conditions and the wear condition of the parts. The third is the cleanliness of diesel oil, because the rotor shaft of the exhaust turbocharger and its bearing (sleeve) are more precise. If the diesel oil is too dirty or deteriorated, impurities or abrasive particles will be brought into the turbocharger. It will accelerate the bearing wear, and if the lubricant film is not formed, the rotor shaft and the bearing will seize. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the oil clean, clean the oil filter frequently, and replace the damaged oil in time.
2 The correct way to start a cold car
After the vehicle is started, the diesel engine should be idle for a few minutes (depending on the engine temperature and the outside atmospheric temperature), the standby oil reaches a certain temperature and pressure, the flow performance is improved, and the turbocharger bearing is fully lubricated, the speed can be increased and the start Driving or putting into construction work, this is especially important when the outside temperature is low. For vehicles that have been parked for a long time (such as more than a few days), the turbocharger oil inlet pipe joint should be loosened before starting, and an appropriate amount of oil of the same brand as the oil pan should be added to the oil inlet to prevent poor lubrication during starting. The rotor shaft is ablated. Some users have experienced similar situations on the Jiefang Engineering Wang dump truck and on the Komatsu grader in Japan, and should be avoided as much as possible.
3 Correct flameout method
If a diesel engine is running at high speed, if it suddenly turns off, the oil in the exhaust turbocharger will immediately stop circulating because the oil pump stops, but the rotor shaft of the turbocharger is still rotating at high speed under the action of inertia, which is easy to cause. The oil was cut off and its bearings burned to death. In addition, the exhaust manifold temperature of a diesel engine running under load is very high. If it stops suddenly, the heat will be transferred to the supercharger shell, and the engine oil that has stopped flowing will be tortured into coke. When the carbon deposit accumulates more and more, it will block the oil inlet and cause the bearing to be short of oil. Even if the oil inlet is not blocked, the carbon deposit will accelerate the wear of the bearing. For this reason, before stalling, the diesel engine must be gradually reduced in load, idling for an appropriate period of time, and then stalled after the turbocharger rotor shaft speed decreases and the oil temperature drops. After the flame is turned off, the turbocharger rotor shaft will continue to idle for a certain period of time, and a slight "humming" sound can sometimes be heard.
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